EnzFunc

GlycoEnzDB
Comprehensive glycoEnzyme database and dynamic pathway generation

Description: The GlycoEnzDB is a manually curated glycoEnzyme database, primarily focused on humans. It covers 390 enzymes across 28 pathway maps. Facilities are also available to create custom glycosylation reaction pathways using experimental data in SBML format and for pathway simulation
Contacts: Sriram Neelamegham (neel@buffalo.edu), Yusen Zhou (yusenzho@buffalo.edu) or Ted Groth (tgroth@buffalo.edu).

GlycoEnzDB
Create glycosylation pathway
Custom database generation
Instructions/Reference
 
Pathway Map
HAS2



General Information
Gene Symbol:   
HAS2
Protein name:   
Hyaluronan synthase 2
Enzyme Class:   
Glycosyltransferase
CAZy Family:   
GT2
E.C. No:   
2.4.1.212
Organs:   
Reaction (SNFG):   
+
→
+ UDP
+
→
+ UDP
Reaction (IUBMB):   
No specified reaction.
About

• HA is a neutral polysaccharide [GlcNAc(b4)GlcA(b3)] with mass 10^3 to 10^7 Da depending on tissue type
• These are made by three HAS enzymes (Hyaluronic acid synthase: HAS1, HAS2, HAS3) that are expressed on cell plasma membrane
• All enzymes have a DXD motif in the cytoplasmic region. HA produced in cells is secreted outside and forms the glycocalyx
• HAS1, 2, 3 are integral membrane proteins composed of multiple membrane spanning regions with hydrophobic amino acid clusters and a large cytoplasmic loop
• HAS enzymes synthesize HA by adding both UDP-GlcNAc and UDP-GlcA at either the reducing or non-reducing end depending on the organism
• HAS2 knockout mouse are embryonically lethal with severe cardiac and vascular abnormalities. HAS2 abnormalities are also associated with cancer and atherosclerosis
• HAS1 and HAS3 double-knockouts are viable and show enhanced dermal inflammatory response
• In humans, HAS enzymes are associated with cancer and idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension

Related Pathway
KEGG ORTHOLOGY:   
K00752
KEGG Pathway:   
No Record 
Reactome:   
R-HSA-2142850
Related Database
Organism:   
Homo sapiens
Uniprot:   
Q92819 
NCBI GeneID:   
3037
GlyMap GeneID:   
3037
DNA aRefSeq:   
NM_005328.2 
Protein RefSeq:   
NP_005319.1 
BRENDA:   
Kinetic info.
OMIM number:   
601636
GeneCards database:   
HAS2
Enzyme Specificity
Glycan Type:  
     GAG
Compartment:  
     
Substrate:  
     GlcA(b1-3) or GlcNAc(b1-4)
Product:  
     GlcNAc(b1-4)GlcA(b1-3) or GlcA(b1-3)GlcNAc(b1-4)
Simulation Parameters
Mechaelis-Menten parameters (suggested)
VM:       (pmol/cell • hr)       KM:       (pM)
Relative conc of enzymes in compartment.(sum will be normalized to 1)
ER Cis- Medial- Trans- TGN










Expression Data in Tissue {ref. 5} Source from NCBI gene database
adrenal appendix bone marrow brain colon duodenum endometrium esophagus fat gall bladder heart kidney liver lung lymph node ovary pancreas placenta prostate salivary gland skin small intestine spleen stomach testis thyroid urinary bladder 8 6 4 2 0 RPKM
Expression Data in Cells {ref. 13} Source from Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia database
Kidney Lung Breast Prostate Large intestine Ovary HL60 haematopoietic and lymphoid tissue Skin Central nervous system 786O A498 ACHN CAKI1 UO31 A549 EKVX HOP62 HOP92 NCIH226 NCIH23 NCIH322 NCIH460 NCIH522 SHP77 BT549 HS578T MCF7 MDAMB231 MDAMB468 T47D DU145 PC3 HCT116 HCT15 HT29 KM12 SW620 OVCAR4 OVCAR8 IGROV1 SKOV3 HL60 K562 RPMI8226 LOXIMVI MALME3M RPMI7951 SKMEL28 SKMEL5 UACC257 UACC62 SF268 SF295 SF539 SNB75 180 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 Transcripts per million (TPM)
Transcription factor {ref. 10}
Transcriptional start site (TSS) 0 200 -2000 -1800 -1600 -1400 -1200 -1000 -800 -600 -400 -200
ENST00000303924 PPARG RUNX1 REST EOMES RUNX1 FOXH1 SP1 POU5F1 KAT8 SIX5 ZNF316 SOX5 MAFG RCOR2 ZNF652 RUNX1 HOMEZ HOMEZ ZBTB2 ZNF654 ZNF654 NFIA MAX NFE2L2 SOX2 SOX2 PRDM1 PRDM1 PRDM1 SMAD1 KLF16 MAFF MAFF ZNF701 MBD1 IRF4 IRF4 ZNF281 ZNF257 ZNF257 NFIC NFIC PROX1 TEAD1 FOXA3 NR2F6 NR2F6 MEF2A MAZ ZHX2 EGR3 REST REST MIER3 SOX9 NR5A2 NANOG ZNF35 ZXDC STAT5A CEBPA MYCN PRDM6 E2F1 AR ATF2 E2F6 ERG SCRT2 ZFP69B RUNX1 HSF1 TCF12 MYB NFE2 CTCF E2F6 E2F6 PRDM10 MAX MAX MYCN ZSCAN4 E2F1 TFAP2A ZIC2 PPARG EGR3 POU5F1 ZNF18 EOMES GATA6 E2F1 MAX MITF ZFP64 TFAP4 GLIS1 ZBTB48 CTCFL FLI1 NANOG NANOG GATA4 E2F1 SP2 CTCF CTCF MYCN SP1 TCF7L1 E2F1 EGR1 ZNF398 MAZ MAZ EGR3 EGR2 EGR2 E2F1 ZNF467
miRNA-GlycoEnzyme Interactome {ref. 9}
miRNA Name Pos. Context Score Frac. Wt. Context Frac. Conserved Quality
hsa-miR-3937 259-266 -0.625 99.0 -0.625 99.0 noncon
hsa-miR-3667-3p 413-420 -0.548 99.0 -0.548 99.0 noncon
hsa-miR-6721-5p 637-644 -0.526 99.0 -0.49 99.0 noncon
hsa-miR-203a-5p 1428-1435 -0.502 99.0 -0.4 98.0 noncon
hsa-miR-4682 184-191 -0.49 99.0 -0.49 99.0 noncon
hsa-miR-3622b-5p 1782-1789 -0.421 98.0 -0.338 98.0 noncon
hsa-miR-6856-3p 52-59 -0.421 99.0 -0.421 99.0 noncon
hsa-miR-3650 1777-1784 -0.413 98.0 -0.331 98.0 noncon
hsa-miR-3171 167-174 -0.41 98.0 -0.41 98.0 noncon
hsa-miR-4485-3p 467-473 -0.404 93.0 -0.404 95.0 noncon
hsa-miR-202-3p 283-290 -0.402 97.0 -0.402 98.0 noncon
hsa-miR-661 5222-5229 -0.398 99.0 0.0 0.0 noncon
hsa-miR-101-3p.1 499-505 -0.396 98.0 -0.396 99.0 con
hsa-miR-3944-5p 1694-1701 -0.388 98.0 -0.312 97.0 noncon
hsa-miR-455-5p 1409-1416 -0.381 97.0 -0.306 97.0 con
hsa-miR-3118 22-29 -0.365 97.0 -0.365 98.0 con
hsa-miR-134-5p 22-29 -0.357 97.0 -0.357 98.0 con
hsa-miR-3123 549-556 -0.353 99.0 -0.353 99.0 noncon
hsa-miR-6808-5p 1679-1686 -0.352 99.0 -0.284 98.0 noncon
hsa-miR-6893-5p 1679-1686 -0.352 99.0 -0.284 98.0 noncon
hsa-miR-4472 3275-3282 -0.347 97.0 -0.005 39.0 noncon
hsa-miR-7848-3p 4365-4372 -0.345 95.0 -0.005 36.0 noncon
hsa-miR-24-1-5p 941-948 -0.343 92.0 -0.277 92.0 noncon
hsa-miR-24-2-5p 941-948 -0.343 92.0 -0.277 92.0 noncon
hsa-miR-4447 3275-3282 -0.339 97.0 -0.005 39.0 noncon
hsa-miR-376b-3p 206-213 -0.337 97.0 -0.337 98.0 con
hsa-miR-376a-3p 206-213 -0.337 97.0 -0.337 98.0 con
hsa-miR-138-5p 3298-3305 -0.334 94.0 -0.005 33.0 noncon
hsa-miR-4433a-5p 4652-4659 -0.331 96.0 -0.005 41.0 noncon
hsa-miR-6867-5p 26-33 -0.33 91.0 -0.33 93.0 noncon
hsa-miR-6832-3p 911-918 -0.33 98.0 -0.266 97.0 noncon
hsa-miR-211-5p 912-919 -0.33 97.0 -0.266 97.0 con
hsa-miR-92b-3p 884-890 -0.329 97.0 -0.266 96.0 con
hsa-miR-92a-3p 884-890 -0.329 97.0 -0.266 96.0 con
hsa-miR-892b 3569-3576 -0.328 96.0 -0.005 27.0 noncon
hsa-miR-204-5p 912-919 -0.322 97.0 -0.26 96.0 con
hsa-miR-1911-3p 4488-4495 -0.322 96.0 -0.005 36.0 noncon
hsa-miR-940 1679-1686 -0.317 99.0 -0.256 98.0 noncon
hsa-miR-5095 1902-1908 -0.312 97.0 -0.252 96.0 noncon
hsa-miR-4511 608-615 -0.312 99.0 -0.294 99.0 noncon
hsa-miR-190b 95-102 -0.31 95.0 -0.31 97.0 con
hsa-miR-7151-3p 1902-1908 -0.309 97.0 -0.25 96.0 noncon
hsa-miR-32-5p 884-890 -0.307 96.0 -0.248 95.0 con
hsa-miR-519e-3p 5122-5128 -0.303 95.0 -0.004 28.0 noncon
hsa-miR-223-5p 826-833 -0.301 96.0 -0.243 96.0 noncon
hsa-miR-302f 1917-1924 -0.294 97.0 -0.238 97.0 noncon
hsa-miR-25-3p 884-890 -0.293 96.0 -0.237 95.0 con
hsa-miR-4451 702-708 -0.289 92.0 -0.234 91.0 noncon
hsa-miR-1468-3p 540-547 -0.287 98.0 -0.287 99.0 noncon
hsa-miR-363-3p 884-890 -0.286 95.0 -0.231 95.0 con
hsa-miR-367-3p 884-890 -0.286 95.0 -0.231 95.0 con
hsa-miR-212-3p 380-386 -0.285 97.0 -0.285 98.0 con
hsa-miR-195-5p 104-110 -0.28 94.0 -0.28 96.0 con
hsa-miR-16-5p 104-110 -0.28 94.0 -0.28 96.0 con
hsa-miR-4742-5p 1900-1906 -0.28 97.0 -0.227 97.0 noncon
hsa-miR-4470 1811-1817 -0.279 97.0 -0.226 96.0 noncon
hsa-miR-190a-5p 95-102 -0.278 94.0 -0.278 96.0 con
hsa-miR-424-5p 104-110 -0.277 94.0 -0.277 96.0 con
hsa-miR-455-3p.1 378-384 -0.276 97.0 -0.276 97.0 con
hsa-miR-106b-5p 237-243 -0.27 97.0 -0.27 98.0 con
hsa-miR-20a-5p 237-243 -0.27 97.0 -0.27 98.0 con
hsa-miR-15b-5p 104-110 -0.269 94.0 -0.269 95.0 con
hsa-miR-15a-5p 104-110 -0.269 93.0 -0.269 95.0 con
hsa-miR-8085 5218-5225 -0.268 93.0 -0.004 30.0 noncon
hsa-miR-6731-5p 5218-5225 -0.268 93.0 -0.004 31.0 noncon
hsa-miR-3199 3483-3490 -0.267 92.0 -0.004 28.0 noncon
hsa-miR-4485-5p 4735-4742 -0.266 91.0 -0.004 29.0 noncon
hsa-miR-4677-3p 5152-5159 -0.266 97.0 -0.004 41.0 noncon
hsa-miR-3128 1167-1173 -0.265 96.0 -0.215 95.0 noncon
hsa-miR-3976 551-557 -0.263 94.0 -0.263 96.0 noncon
hsa-miR-132-3p 380-386 -0.263 97.0 -0.263 98.0 con
hsa-miR-136-3p 393-399 -0.262 98.0 -0.262 98.0 noncon
hsa-miR-1294 285-291 -0.261 94.0 -0.261 96.0 noncon
hsa-miR-106a-5p 237-243 -0.26 97.0 -0.26 98.0 con
hsa-miR-17-5p 237-243 -0.256 97.0 -0.256 97.0 con
hsa-miR-23a-3p 646-653 -0.256 93.0 -0.24 94.0 con
hsa-miR-20b-5p 237-243 -0.256 97.0 -0.256 97.0 con
hsa-miR-33b-3p 5122-5128 -0.255 93.0 -0.004 29.0 noncon
hsa-miR-4712-3p 1872-1878 -0.254 96.0 -0.206 96.0 noncon
hsa-miR-182-5p 568-574 -0.254 92.0 -0.254 94.0 con
hsa-miR-8052 3483-3490 -0.254 91.0 -0.004 29.0 noncon
hsa-miR-4714-5p 1710-1717 -0.253 96.0 -0.205 95.0 noncon
hsa-miR-4443 1469-1475 -0.252 92.0 -0.205 92.0 noncon
hsa-miR-6751-5p 3274-3280 -0.252 92.0 -0.004 25.0 noncon
hsa-miR-511-5p 532-539 -0.251 98.0 -0.251 98.0 noncon
hsa-miR-1827 1641-1647 -0.251 93.0 -0.204 92.0 noncon