EnzFunc

GlycoEnzDB
Comprehensive glycoEnzyme database and dynamic pathway generation

Description: The GlycoEnzDB is a manually curated glycoEnzyme database, primarily focused on humans. It covers 390 enzymes across 28 pathway maps. Facilities are also available to create custom glycosylation reaction pathways using experimental data in SBML format and for pathway simulation
Contacts: Sriram Neelamegham (neel@buffalo.edu), Yusen Zhou (yusenzho@buffalo.edu) or Ted Groth (tgroth@buffalo.edu).

GlycoEnzDB
Create glycosylation pathway
Custom database generation
Instructions/Reference
 
Pathway Map
CHSY1



General Information
Gene Symbol:   
CHSY1
Protein name:   
Chondroitin sulfate synthase 1
Enzyme Class:   
Glycosyltransferase
CAZy Family:   
GT31
E.C. No:   
2.4.1.175
Organs:   
Reaction (SNFG):   
+
→
+ UDP
+
→
+ UDP
Reaction (IUBMB):   
No specified reaction.
About

• The GalNAcT-I activity catalyzes GalNAc transfer toward GlcA in the linkage tetrasaccharide (GlcAβ1-3Galβ1-3Galβ1-4Xylβ1-). This is strongly mediated by CSGalNAcT1 (ChGn1) but can also be performed by CSGalNAcT-II (ChGn2).
• GalNAcT-II catalyzes elongation activity to create repeating disaccharide unit (GlcAβ1-3GalNAcβ1-4)n in the CS chain. This is more readily performed by CSGalNAcT2. Mice lacking CSGalNAcT1 exhibit dwarf phenotype with less cartilage development
• Overall, CSGalNAcT1 and CSGalNAcT2 mediate both initiation and elongation of CS via GalNAcT activity
• CHSY1 (Chondroitin synthase-1/chondroitin sulfate synthase-1 (CSS1)) and CHSY3 (chondroitin synthase-3/chondroitin sulfate synthase-3 (CSS3)) exhibit dual glycosyltransferase activities of β1,3 GlcA-T and β1,4 GalNAc-T for CS initiation and elongation
• CHPF (chondroitin sulfate synthase-2 (CSS2)) also exhibits dual glycosyltransferase activities of β1,3 GlcA-T and β1,4 GalNAc-T for CS initiation and elongation. Its activity is similar to that of CSS1 and CSS3.
• CHPF2 (chondroitin polymerizing factor 2/chondroitin sulfate glucuronyltransferase (CSGlcA-T)) transfers glucuronic acid (GlcUA) from UDP-GlcUA to N-acetylgalactosamine in the elongating chondroitin polymer. It does not have GalNAcT activity.
• CS is also present broadly in the tissues and abundantly in the cartilage and brain. Aggrecan contains abundant CS in cartilage.

Related Pathway
KEGG ORTHOLOGY:   
K13499
KEGG Pathway:   
ko00532  ko01100 
Reactome:   
R-HSA-2022870
Related Database
Organism:   
Homo sapiens
Uniprot:   
Q86X52 
NCBI GeneID:   
22856
GlyMap GeneID:   
22856
DNA aRefSeq:   
NM_014918.4 
Protein RefSeq:   
NP_055733.2 
BRENDA:   
Kinetic info.
OMIM number:   
608183
GeneCards database:   
CHSY1
Enzyme Specificity
Glycan Type:  
     GAG
Compartment:  
     
Substrate:  
     GlcA(b1-3) or GalNAc(b1-4)
Product:  
     GalNAc(b1-4)GlcA(b1-3) or GlcA(b1-3)GalNAc(b1-4)
Constraints:  
     nGalNAc(b1-4)GlcA(b1-3)Gal(b1-3)Gal(b1-4)Xyl(b1-r)>=1&!IdoA(a1-3)
Simulation Parameters
Mechaelis-Menten parameters (suggested)
VM:       (pmol/cell • hr)       KM:       (pM)
Relative conc of enzymes in compartment.(sum will be normalized to 1)
ER Cis- Medial- Trans- TGN










Expression Data in Tissue {ref. 5} Source from NCBI gene database
adrenal appendix bone marrow brain colon duodenum endometrium esophagus fat gall bladder heart kidney liver lung lymph node ovary pancreas placenta prostate salivary gland skin small intestine spleen stomach testis thyroid urinary bladder 30 20 10 0 RPKM
Expression Data in Cells {ref. 13} Source from Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia database
Kidney Lung Breast Prostate Large intestine Ovary HL60 haematopoietic and lymphoid tissue Skin Central nervous system 786O A498 ACHN CAKI1 UO31 A549 EKVX HOP62 HOP92 NCIH226 NCIH23 NCIH322 NCIH460 NCIH522 SHP77 BT549 HS578T MCF7 MDAMB231 MDAMB468 T47D DU145 PC3 HCT116 HCT15 HT29 KM12 SW620 OVCAR4 OVCAR8 IGROV1 SKOV3 HL60 K562 RPMI8226 LOXIMVI MALME3M RPMI7951 SKMEL28 SKMEL5 UACC257 UACC62 SF268 SF295 SF539 SNB75 100 80 60 40 20 0 Transcripts per million (TPM)
Transcription factor {ref. 10}
Transcriptional start site (TSS) 0 200 -2000 -1800 -1600 -1400 -1200 -1000 -800 -600 -400 -200
ENST00000254190 RUNX1 AR SOX2 TFAP2A STAT4 SMARCC2 KLF5 EBF1 KMT2A HOXA2 TP73 TP73 ZNF449 EGR3 ZBTB40 TAL1 KLF4 IRF1 E2F1 RCOR1 EBF3 NFIC MAX TFAP2C KMT2B ZBTB26 ZFP64 ZNF189 RELA FLI1 ZNF48 RFXANK ARID4B SP2 TFAP4 ZBTB14 MYCN KLF6 POU5F1 E2F6 E2F6 E2F6 ELF1 HSF1 KLF9 PAX5 KLF13 TP53 APC BHLHE40 ZNF217 CLOCK IKZF1 NONO ZBTB7A SMARCA5 MECOM NR2F1 BACH1 USF1 ZNF24 MYCN YY1 YY1 YY1 SP1 EBF1 BHLHE40 BHLHE40 REST KLF9 SKI EGR2 EGR1 EGR1 KLF15 MAZ STAT5A EGR3 SP4 SP2 KLF1 ZNF350 ATF3 GLIS1 ZNF384 TFAP4 RCOR1 FOS GMEB2 USF2 E2F4 EGR1 ZHX1 ZHX1 HOMEZ MXI1 RUNX3 CTCF KLF4 KLF4 KLF10 FOXA3 SOX2 RFX5 MAZ NFE2 NFE2 ATF1 BCL11B BCL11B RBPJ RBPJ RBPJ ZGPAT ZGPAT E2F3 ZNF35 KLF5 KLF1 ZXDB HBP1 APC
miRNA-GlycoEnzyme Interactome {ref. 9}
miRNA Name Pos. Context Score Frac. Wt. Context Frac. Conserved Quality
hsa-miR-124-3p.1 1435-1442 -0.532 99.0 -0.395 98.0 con
hsa-miR-1295a 866-873 -0.506 99.0 -0.437 99.0 noncon
hsa-miR-124-3p.2 1436-1443 -0.476 98.0 -0.355 96.0 con
hsa-miR-3180 3854-3861 -0.463 93.0 -0.01 15.0 noncon
hsa-miR-6816-5p 3854-3861 -0.463 93.0 -0.01 15.0 noncon
hsa-miR-3180-3p 3854-3861 -0.463 93.0 -0.01 15.0 noncon
hsa-miR-3196 3854-3861 -0.46 93.0 -0.01 15.0 noncon
hsa-miR-3663-3p 1360-1367 -0.441 97.0 -0.382 97.0 noncon
hsa-miR-506-3p 1436-1443 -0.44 98.0 -0.329 97.0 con
hsa-miR-4788 79-85 -0.405 95.0 -0.405 97.0 noncon
hsa-miR-500b-5p 88-95 -0.391 99.0 -0.391 99.0 con
hsa-miR-4683 1263-1270 -0.39 98.0 -0.339 98.0 noncon
hsa-miR-221-3p 200-207 -0.386 97.0 -0.386 98.0 con
hsa-miR-362-5p 88-95 -0.383 99.0 -0.383 99.0 con
hsa-miR-4774-5p 1405-1412 -0.382 97.0 -0.332 97.0 noncon
hsa-miR-124-5p 175-182 -0.378 97.0 -0.378 98.0 noncon
hsa-miR-222-3p 200-207 -0.37 97.0 -0.37 98.0 con
hsa-miR-1204 551-557 -0.362 92.0 -0.315 92.0 noncon
hsa-miR-671-5p 4726-4733 -0.359 97.0 -0.008 41.0 noncon
hsa-miR-29c-3p 1359-1365 -0.352 95.0 -0.306 95.0 con
hsa-miR-29a-3p 1359-1365 -0.352 95.0 -0.306 95.0 con
hsa-miR-29b-3p 1359-1365 -0.352 95.0 -0.306 95.0 con
hsa-miR-1289 122-128 -0.341 95.0 -0.341 96.0 noncon
hsa-miR-873-5p.2 315-322 -0.326 98.0 -0.326 98.0 con
hsa-miR-548al 2125-2132 -0.325 92.0 -0.007 17.0 noncon
hsa-miR-4637 1204-1211 -0.32 97.0 -0.279 97.0 noncon
hsa-miR-135a-5p 434-440 -0.313 96.0 -0.273 96.0 con
hsa-miR-135b-5p 434-440 -0.313 96.0 -0.273 96.0 con
hsa-miR-6720-5p 619-626 -0.311 97.0 -0.271 97.0 noncon
hsa-miR-6512-3p 619-626 -0.311 97.0 -0.271 97.0 noncon
hsa-miR-4727-5p 297-304 -0.31 97.0 -0.31 98.0 noncon
hsa-miR-6503-5p 205-211 -0.305 95.0 -0.305 96.0 noncon
hsa-miR-4527 205-211 -0.304 95.0 -0.304 96.0 noncon
hsa-miR-3173-3p 1299-1306 -0.304 97.0 -0.265 97.0 noncon
hsa-miR-4779 1298-1304 -0.301 97.0 -0.262 96.0 noncon
hsa-miR-5006-5p 879-885 -0.297 95.0 -0.259 95.0 noncon
hsa-miR-570-3p 1450-1457 -0.296 98.0 -0.224 98.0 noncon
hsa-miR-653-3p 1554-1561 -0.295 97.0 -0.028 72.0 noncon
hsa-miR-4646-3p 1377-1384 -0.294 94.0 -0.256 95.0 noncon
hsa-miR-6738-3p 298-305 -0.291 96.0 -0.291 97.0 noncon
hsa-miR-640 4696-4703 -0.291 96.0 -0.007 35.0 noncon
hsa-miR-4532 2052-2059 -0.289 92.0 -0.007 26.0 noncon
hsa-miR-6891-5p 1299-1306 -0.286 97.0 -0.25 96.0 noncon
hsa-miR-3169 289-296 -0.284 96.0 -0.284 97.0 noncon
hsa-miR-6817-5p 296-303 -0.276 97.0 -0.276 98.0 noncon
hsa-miR-4769-3p 296-303 -0.276 97.0 -0.276 98.0 noncon
hsa-miR-6747-5p 2776-2783 -0.272 95.0 -0.006 25.0 noncon
hsa-miR-4515 288-294 -0.271 92.0 -0.271 94.0 noncon
hsa-miR-622 998-1005 -0.27 96.0 -0.236 96.0 noncon
hsa-miR-5003-5p 365-372 -0.259 95.0 -0.259 96.0 noncon
hsa-miR-7114-5p 383-390 -0.258 96.0 -0.252 97.0 noncon
hsa-miR-4251 1421-1428 -0.257 97.0 -0.225 97.0 noncon
hsa-miR-4663 542-549 -0.256 96.0 -0.224 96.0 noncon
hsa-miR-5582-5p 1434-1440 -0.252 94.0 -0.192 92.0 noncon
hsa-miR-6889-3p 826-832 -0.251 93.0 -0.219 94.0 noncon
hsa-miR-4705 369-375 -0.25 96.0 -0.25 97.0 noncon